Dark Matter and Dark Energy



 One thing cosmology tells us is that the universe is getting bigger and bigger every second. We get to know about this through Edwin Hubble who made this observation in 1920. He saw another galaxy which was far and told everyone that the light from those galaxies was red shifted. That meant those galaxies were moving away from us. To explain this when there is an ambulance on the road you hear a high pitched sound and then as soon as it passes us the sound fades away. The same thing happens in light. In light if something is moving away from you the wavelength of the light will be longer, and red light has a long wavelength compared to other colours and blue has a shorter wavelength. He observed many other galaxies as well and noticed that the further away the galaxies the blogger the redshift. It’s like the galaxies were moving away from us at faster and faster speeds. Now we come back to the

inflationary epoch where the first time the universe started expanding and ever since it is expanding. This discovery proves that if something is bigger than it was yesterday there are some add ons.


The big bang was not uniformed when it exploded the big bang there were some cold spots and hot spots. When the universe cooled down in the Matter era and hydrogen was produced, hydrogen took place in the cold spots causing gravity that hold galaxies and stars,  but something more mysterious is that galaxies are moving at a way faster rate and gravity is not the only thing which is holding it. Over time matter has produced something called dark matter that is not visible and that is binding galaxies and stars. According to experiments the dark matter is 5 times the visible matter that we have in the universe. Dark matter is the main reason for us surviving. 


Astronomers 15 years ago discovered that there was something pushing the universe, they didn't know what it was but it was expanding, they knew there was something unexpected, and yes the universe is expanding because of the dark energy. 


That's all that has been discovered. We know that dark matter does loads of stuff but we don't know if that's it, we don't know much about dark energy but we know that it's there and that is one thing which will unfold in the future shocking many people.

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